Study Guide and Workbook Questions Ch. 3

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1. A cellular adaptation observable in uterine cervical epithelium is:

a. atrophy
b. hyperplasia
c. hypertrophy
d. dysplasia
e. metaplasia

2. What are the consequences when a cell is forced into anaerobic glycolysis? (More than one answer may be correct.)

a. insufficient glucose production
b. excessive pyruvic acid retention
c. increased lactic acid
d. inadequate ATP production
e. excessive CO2 production

Match the descriptor with the term.

3.     reduced oxygen retention                                  a.     anoxia
4.     bleeding in skin or underlying tissue                   b.     melanin
                                                                                c. lipids
                                                                                d. hypoxia
                                                                                e. contusion

5. What is the probable cause of cellular swelling in the early stages of cell injury?

a. fat inclusion
b. loss of genetic integrity
c. hydrolytic enzyme activation
d. Na-K pump fails to remove intracellular Na
e. None of the above is correct.

Match the process with its cause.

6.     lipid peroxidation                                    a.   carbon monoxide
7.     neurotransmitter interference                   b.   oxygen-derived free radicals
8.     asphyxiation                                           c.    ethanol
9.     depressed fatty acid oxidation                d.    lead
10.     depressed protein synthesis                  e.    detached ribosome
                                                                      f.    increased lactate
                                                                      g.   lysosomal edema

11. Dystrophic calcification:

a. occurs in dying or dead tissue
b. is the result of excessive calcium in the blood
c. is observed in chronic lesions.
d. Both a and c are correct
e. A, b, and c are correct.

12. Cellular swelling is:

a. irreversible
b. evident early in all types of cellular injury
c. manifested by decreased intracellular sodium
d. None of the above is correct
e. A, b, and c are correct

13. Which is not reversible?

a. Karyolysis
b. Fatty infiltration
c.     hydropic degeneration
c. All of the above are reversible

14. Aging:

a. is easy to distinguish from pathology
b. does not have a genetic relationship
c. is more advanced in primitive societies
d. None of the above are correct.
e. A, b, and c are correct.

15. In aging cross-linking implies that:

a. the life span and number of times a cell can replicate are programmed.
b. The number of cell doublings is limited
c. There is oxygen toxicity
d. Cell permeability decreases
e. Both a and b are correct.

Match the manifestation with the condition.

16.     necrosis caused by Clostridia.                       a.     liquefactive
17.     rigidity of muscles after somatic death.           b.     rigor mortis
18.     increased cell numbers                                  c.     gas gangrene
19.     necrosis resulting from lysosomal release       d.     hyperplasia
20. replacement of one cell type with                      e.     metaplasia
another, more suitable types.                                   f.     cloudy swelling
                                                                              g.     coagulation
 
Match the circumstance with the condition.

21.     decreased cell size                                         a.     fatty necrosis
22.     pancreatic necrosis                                         b.     gangrene
23.     coagulative and liquefactive necrosis               c.     atrophy
24.     tissue death                                                    d.     caseous necrosis
25.     normal and pathologic cellular self-destruc.      e.     apoptosis
                                                                                f.     algor mortis
                                                                                g.     hypertrophy